The life cycle of a volcano off Tonga and the blast generated from its eruption could offer valuable clues about the formation of other planets
The massive volcanic blast which rocked Tonga last week sent out shockwaves close to the speed of sound and tsunami waves across the Pacific Ocean.
And now one NASA expert says it could also provide valuable clues about the formation of other planets.
“I got a call and they said ‘It blew, you don’t have an island anymore.'”
NASA’s chief scientist, James Garvin
Now they’re examining what’s left of the islands, Hunga Tonga and Hunga Ha’apai.
“We took that volume of mass ejected and the energetics to explosively fragment it, and calculated using fairly classical techniques, how much energy that would take, to break a rock that you could build a city building on, to break it up into little bits and throw it as ash and steam up to hundreds of thousands of feet…”
“And so we did that calculation and we got numbers that range from something equivalent to the blast of a small asteroid that would hit the earth – about 10 metric, megatons of TNT or equivalent – to things even bigger.”
NASA’s chief scientist, James Garvin
The Hunga-Tonga-Hunga-Ha’apai volcano sits on the seismically active Pacific Ring of Fire.
The eruption on January 15 was so powerful that it could be heard over a thousand miles away, and huge clouds of ash could be seen from space.
Studying the impact of these volcanoes on Earth tells experts what they may have done to other planets.
“It’s a fossil record of landscapes preserved in time on earth, better preserved on planets like Mars and the moon and Venus. So we use earth as our training ground to project what we know from places like this to other planets that might have oceans, that might have volcanos, that erupt under water.”
NASA’s chief scientist, James Garvin
Many in Tonga are still reeling from the physical and psychological trauma of last week’s blast, as relief aid continues to pour in.
Trump administration investigates Fed Chair Powell, raising concerns over political pressure on monetary policy and economic stability.
The Trump administration has launched a criminal investigation into Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell, dramatically escalating tensions between the White House and the central bank.
The probe centres on Powell’s testimony over a controversial renovation of the Federal Reserve’s headquarters, raising alarm over whether political pressure is being applied to monetary policy decisions.
The move has sparked fierce debate in Washington, with critics warning it could undermine investor confidence and destabilise economic expectations.
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White House considers Iranian nuclear talks proposal amid rising tensions, balancing military options with diplomacy.
The White House is considering an Iranian proposal to restart nuclear talks, opening the door to a possible diplomatic breakthrough after months of rising tension. The move signals that negotiations may still be on the table, even as uncertainty dominates Washington’s next steps.
President Trump has indicated talks could be on the horizon, but he is also openly weighing strong military options. That dual-track approach highlights the high stakes of the moment and the pressure on US leadership to balance deterrence with dialogue.
Trump is expected to meet with senior aides to discuss strategy and decide the best course of action on Iran, as global markets and allies closely watch every signal coming from the administration.
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In Short:
– Sendle has unexpectedly ceased operations, leaving small businesses without courier services and cancelled pickups.
– Customers are frustrated and searching for alternatives, while competitor firms are reaching out to fill the gap.
Aussie courier service Sendle has ceased operations unexpectedly, affecting many small businesses that relied on its services. Announced via email on January 11, the company warned customers that existing parcels would be delivered at the “discretion of the delivery partner.”
Additionally, all scheduled pickups from January 12 were cancelled.
Customers have been left confused and frustrated, lacking guidance on how to fulfill orders.
Sendle expressed regret for the disruption but did not provide a detailed explanation for the closure. A banner on their website confirmed the halt in services, with social media accounts disabled and customer inquiries no longer being monitored.
The shutdown comes as Sendle had recently merged with US logistics firms to create FAST Group, but that merger has now reportedly unraveled due to financial issues.
Small business owners, many of whom had turned to Sendle for better pricing compared to competitors like Australia Post, are now scrambling to find alternative delivery options.
Unexpected Closure
Many business owners shared their experiences on social media, highlighting the immediate need to find new courier services. One owner reported significant losses and mentioned having to repackage orders that were scheduled for shipment.
The collapse of Sendle has raised concerns about job losses, though the company has not disclosed the number of affected employees.
Competitors have begun reaching out to small businesses in response to the demand created by Sendle’s sudden exit from the market.
Aramex Australia says it “is aware that Sendle has halted all bookings for parcel pick-ups and deliveries in Australia with immediate effect. Aramex recognises that this development may create uncertainty for businesses that rely on Sendle to ship their goods.”
“While Aramex cannot comment on the specific circumstances surrounding Sendle’s operations, we are ready to support e-comm and B2B businesses that are seeking an alternative courier partner moving forward. Aramex has the infrastructure, global network, national coverage and local franchise expertise in place to assist customers who need ongoing delivery services without disruption. Our priority is providing certainty, reliability and continuity of service for Australian businesses.”
“Sendle is a tech platform that has enabled business customers to book courier services. Aramex has a long history of delivering for Sendle customers. Aramex operations continue as normal, providing reliable courier services to our customers.”