U.S. small-business confidence reached its highest point in nearly 3-1/2 years in November, according to the National Federation of Independent Business (NFIB).

The NFIB’s Small Business Optimism Index increased by 8.0 points to 101.7, marking the highest level since June 2021.

This surge followed the recent elections, which saw Donald Trump winning the presidential race and the Republican Party gaining control of Congress.

Small business owners, who typically lean Republican, showed increased confidence, a trend anticipated by economists.

Other sentiment surveys also reported improvements in consumer confidence post-election.

Economic improvement

The percentage of small business owners expecting economic improvement rose significantly, indicating a shift in outlook.

More owners believe now is a good time to expand their business, with expectations for higher sales growth increasing. Concerns about inflation slightly lessened, as fewer owners cited it as their primary issue.

Additionally, the uncertainty index for small businesses dropped, reflecting increased stability in economic expectations.

Despite ongoing labor shortages in various sectors, the number of businesses planning to hire rose to the highest level in a year.

Compensation for employees saw an uptick; 32% of owners reported increases, while a notable percentage plans further raises in the coming months.

An upcoming inflation report will assess the strength of the U.S. stock market rally and influence the Federal Reserve’s rate cut strategy.

The S&P 500 has recorded its third consecutive weekly gain, increasing over 27% year-to-date.

This upward momentum in equities is influenced by expectations of additional Fed interest rate cuts amid a resilient economy.

Friday’s employment report indicated stronger than expected job growth, reinforcing this positive outlook. However, this data is not expected to change the Fed’s rate plans for its upcoming December meeting.

The consumer price index data due on Wednesday may alter this optimistic sentiment if inflation exceeds expectations, posing risks for well-performing stocks.

Experts note that if inflation rates are high, it could create uncertainty for investors before the Fed meeting.

Following the recent jobs report, the probability of the Fed cutting rates has increased, with nearly a 90% chance predicted for a 25 basis point cut.

The consumer price index is expected to rise by 2.7% over the past year.

If CPI results are higher than expected, it might prompt a cautious approach on future cuts, affecting outlooks for 2025.

Additionally, inflation concerns are heightened by the potential introduction of tariffs by President-elect Donald Trump.

Despite these factors, stock prices continue to rise, although there are warning signs of overly optimistic sentiment in the market.

Some analysts maintain a positive view on stocks heading into the year-end, citing a reduction in concerns surrounding the economy and interest rates.

The S&P 500 has risen 28% in 2024, poised for consecutive annual gains of over 20%.

Major banks forecast more modest returns for 2025, projecting the index reaching 6500, a 6.7% rise from approximately 6090.

Barclays has a more optimistic target of 6600, with Bank of America and Deutsche Bank expecting 6666 and 7000, respectively.

President-elect Donald Trump’s policies are seen as potentially beneficial for stocks, though high interest rates and geopolitical issues pose risks.

Investors remain cautious about the sustainability of the rally.

Economic conditions

Upcoming inflation data will be crucial for assessing economic conditions before the Federal Reserve’s anticipated rate cut in December.

Increasingly, small-cap stocks are joining the rally, with the Russell 2000 index nearing record highs.

More than 220 S&P stocks have hit 52-week highs recently, which indicates broader market strength, making it less susceptible to downturns.

The early market gains were largely driven by major tech stocks, which continue to perform well amid various challenges.

Long-term growth expectations, however, appear dim, with forecasts suggesting limited gains over the next decade.